Clinical pharmacology, including the effects of co-morbidity
-Pharmacology, including pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacotherapeutics.
-Anatomy and physiology as applied to prescribing practice and community practitioner formulary.
-Basic principles of drugs to be prescribed, eg. absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, including adverse drug reactions (ADR).
-Interactions and reactions.
-Patient/client compliance, concordance and drug response.
-Impact of physiological state on drug responses and safety, for example, in elderly people, neonates, children and young people, pregnant or breast feeding women.
Evidence-based practice in relation to patient care
-Rationale, adherence to and deviation from national and local guidelines, protocols, policies, decision support systems and formulae.
-Reflective practice.
-Critical appraisal skills, scrutinising data.
Prescribing in the public health context
-policies regarding the use of antibiotics and vaccines
-inappropriate use of medication including misuse, under- and over-use
Promoting adherence
-Medicines optimisation