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This module explores the mass murder of the Jews of Europe between 1933 and 1945. At its core is an examination of the nature of National Socialism, its genocidal drive, and the stages by which its practice of antisemitic persecution evolved into a continent-wide genocide in the context of war. It examines the development of Nazi persecution and the explanations of this. It examines the radicalisation of Nazi violence under the impact of war. It treats individual national or regional case studies in depth. It explores the collaboration of non-German actors and it explores Jewish life in the camps, in ghettos and in hiding. Its focus is on understanding the capacity of the National Socialist regime to mobilise broad sections of German society behind its genocidal policies and the consequences of this for the Jewish population of Europe.

The Period abroad Portfolio is a piece of independent academic work which you complete during your period abroad. The Portfolio comprises of an extended essay in English on a topic relating to either cultural and literary studies, linguistics, social and political studies or history and a recorded oral presentation in the target language based on reflective questionnaires relating to your language learning and intercultural development.

The Period abroad Portfolio is a piece of independent academic work which you complete during your period abroad. The Portfolio comprises of an extended essay in English on a topic relating to either cultural and literary studies, linguistics, social and political studies or history and a recorded oral presentation in the target language based on reflective questionnaires relating to your language learning and intercultural development.

This module addresses the main economic problems arising in the management and allocation of natural resources, with a particular focus on energy and the constraints that the natural environment represents for economic growth. It combines economic theory, including a presentation of the most recent advancements in the field, a critical analysis of the existing empirical evidence, and a study of the effects of different policy interventions.

This module addresses the main economic problems arising in the management and allocation of natural resources, with a particular focus on energy and the constraints that the natural environment represents for economic growth. It combines economic theory, including a presentation of the most recent advancements in the field, a critical analysis of the existing empirical evidence, and a study of the effects of different policy interventions.

This module addresses the main economic problems arising in the management and allocation of natural resources, with a particular focus on energy and the constraints that the natural environment represents for economic growth. It combines economic theory, including a presentation of the most recent advancements in the field, a critical analysis of the existing empirical evidence, and a study of the effects of different policy interventions.

This module addresses the main economic problems arising in the management and allocation of natural resources, with a particular focus on energy and the constraints that the natural environment represents for economic growth. It combines economic theory, including a presentation of the most recent advancements in the field, a critical analysis of the existing empirical evidence, and a study of the effects of different policy interventions.

The module will start with an introductory session on common research techniques used in Biomedical Science.

This will be followed by sessions covering the following topics:

1. Asthma (2 sessions)
2. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
3. Interstitial Lung Disease (2 sessions)
4. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesis
5. Air pollution (2 sessions)

The sessions will combine a seminar and general discussion in order to clarify any points and to frame any questions arising from the lecture that the students find interesting.

Prior to each topic, a relevant primary research publication and supporting documentation that exemplifies research in the subject area will be provided. Students should read the paper prior to attending the session and pay particular attention to the methods section to ensure they are familiar with the basic principles of the techniques and/or any confusing abbreviations used. Methodological queries will be discussed at the session.

For topics 1, 3 and 5, one or more students, depending on class numbers, will be designated to prepare an oral presentation on the selected paper for the following week. The presentation will comprise the paper and background questions arising from the article or the seminar. All students will be expected to join in the discussion of the paper during and after the presentation, although only those students who are presenting will be assessed. Presenting students will be expected to research other articles to introduce concepts in the paper. All students will be expected to research other articles to bring to the general discussion of the selected paper.

For topics 2 and 4, all students will write a critical appraisal of a selected paper stating the hypothesis and summarising the background, results and conclusions with comment on strengths, weaknesses and any new questions arising as a consequence of the paper. There will be no oral presentation for these topics.

The module will start with an introductory session on common research techniques used in Biomedical Science.

This will be followed by sessions covering the following topics:

1. Asthma (2 sessions)
2. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
3. Interstitial Lung Disease (2 sessions)
4. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesis
5. Air pollution (2 sessions)

The sessions will combine a seminar and general discussion in order to clarify any points and to frame any questions arising from the lecture that the students find interesting.

Prior to each topic, a relevant primary research publication and supporting documentation that exemplifies research in the subject area will be provided. Students should read the paper prior to attending the session and pay particular attention to the methods section to ensure they are familiar with the basic principles of the techniques and/or any confusing abbreviations used. Methodological queries will be discussed at the session.

For topics 1, 3 and 5, one or more students, depending on class numbers, will be designated to prepare an oral presentation on the selected paper for the following week. The presentation will comprise the paper and background questions arising from the article or the seminar. All students will be expected to join in the discussion of the paper during and after the presentation, although only those students who are presenting will be assessed. Presenting students will be expected to research other articles to introduce concepts in the paper. All students will be expected to research other articles to bring to the general discussion of the selected paper.

For topics 2 and 4, all students will write a critical appraisal of a selected paper stating the hypothesis and summarising the background, results and conclusions with comment on strengths, weaknesses and any new questions arising as a consequence of the paper. There will be no oral presentation for these topics.

This module will explore contemporary and post-war responses to the Holocaust more than 75 years after the liberation of Auschwitz. We will explore a range of responses to the genocide and look at: diaries, oral histories, literature, film, museums and music. During the module, we will explore the responses of those targeted for genocide and the post-war memory of these events among survivors, in intellectual circles and the political world.

During the first half of the module, we will explore victims' responses. We will focus on victims' experiences of everyday life, including life in ghettos and camps and look at cultural and religious life, efforts to document what they were witnessing, and resistance. In the second half of the module, we will look at some external responses to the genocide, beginning with the Allied responses during the war and later looking at museums and memorials in Europe, Israel, and the United States. We will engage with topics such as the resistance of victim groups, questioning if the Allied government did enough to help, how we commemorate and memorialise a genocide and how this commemoration changes in different countries.